Dandruff is a common scalp condition that causes flaking and itching of the scalp. It is believed to be a combination of several factors, including:
Malassezia fungus: The Malassezia fungus is a type of yeast that is naturally present on the scalp. In some people, an overgrowth of this fungus can trigger an inflammatory response, leading to dandruff.
Seborrheic dermatitis: Seborrheic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin condition that affects areas of the body that have a high concentration of sebaceous glands, such as the scalp. It can cause dandruff as well as redness and itching of the scalp.
Dry skin: Dry skin on the scalp can cause itching and flaking, leading to dandruff.
Skin conditions: Certain skin conditions, such as psoriasis and eczema, can cause dandruff-like symptoms.
Hair care products: Certain hair care products, such as shampoos and conditioners, can irritate the scalp and lead to dandruff.
Diet: A diet that is high in sugar, fat, and dairy products may contribute to the development of dandruff in some people.